In response to changes following Amazon's 2017 acquisition of grocery Whole Foods, workers began to organize as Whole Worker. Workers have leaked Amazon manager training videos about discouraging labor organization. Workers organized for work conditions in particular, such as need for more frequent breaks. Throughout the late 2010s, warehouses in Staten Island and Minnesota participated in union drives and bargaining. Amazon workers protest in Minnesota, 2018 The NLRB held the vote following a December petition from International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers on behalf of 30 Amazon warehouse maintenance and repair workers in Middletown, Delaware. Technical Amazon workers held the company's first unionization vote in the United States in January 2014, which failed 21 to 6. Amazon denied any link between the unionization effort and layoffs. The Washington Alliance of Technological Workers (WashTech) accused the company of violating union laws and claimed Amazon managers subjected them to intimidation and heavy propaganda. In 2001, 850 employees in Seattle were laid off by Amazon after a unionization drive.
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In response, the company set up a section on its internal website giving advice to managers on how to spot workers attempting to organize and how to convince them not to. In 2000, the Communications Workers of America and the United Food and Commercial Workers launched unionization drives for Amazon workers after unrest over a number of layoffs and a significant drop in employee stock options. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, more than 75 complaints have been lodged against Amazon according to the NLRB. On December 22, 2021, Amazon agreed in a settlement with the NLRB to allow more easily the 750,000 employees in the US to organize including allowing workers to be on property for longer than 15 minutes before and after their shifts for union organizing purposes. As of April 2022, the JFK8 warehouse is currently Amazon's only unionized workplace in the United States. 2,654 voted in favor of a union while 2,131 voted against a union. On April 1, 2022, the National Labor Relations Board announced that Amazon workers at the JFK8 warehouse in Staten Island, New York City voted to approve the union. United States Amazon warehouse workers outside the National Labor Relations Board October 25, 2021 Prior to the 2020 Bessemer union drive, Amazon had not faced a major union vote in the United States since Delaware in 2014. Amazon has actively opposed unionization in the United States, having stated a preference to resolve issues with employees directly, asserting that unions would impede the company's innovation. While unions are common among Amazon warehouse workers in Europe, few of Amazon's American workers are unionized. Despite increasing its minimum wage to $15/hour, providing healthcare benefits and COVID-19 testing, labor advocates and government officials have criticized Amazon's warehouse working conditions. In the late 2010s, Amazon began to address warehouse wages and training opportunities. Main article: Criticism of Amazon § Treatment of workersĪs the second-largest American employer and the largest American e-commerce retailer with over one million workers and rapidly expanding, Amazon's warehouse labor practices have been subject to continued scrutiny, including reporting on work conditions, rising injury rates, worker surveillance, and efforts to block unionization.
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